Schipperke

What is a Schipperke?

The Schipperke is a small, stocky dog breed originating from Flanders in the 15th century. Often called “Little Captain” in Flemish, these dogs were historically used as watchdogs and ratters on barges navigating the canals of the Low Countries.¹

Physically, the breed is characterized by a dense black coat, a foxlike head, and erect triangular ears. While often seen as tailless in North America, this is typically the result of docking; they are naturally born with long, bushy tails.¹

Temperamentally, Schipperkes are lively, affectionate, and curious, though they can be independent and mischievous. They are excellent watchdogs but require training to manage their tendency to bark. The breed is generally hardy, though they have a higher-than-average predisposition to a heritable condition called Sanfilippo syndrome. They are highly active and thrive with daily exercise and socialization.¹

Where did the Schipperke breed originate?

The Schipperke breed originated in Flanders (northern Belgium) as early as the 15th century.²

While the name is often associated with the Dutch word schipper (“bargeman” or “boatman”), reflecting their historical role as watchdogs and ratters on canal barges, some sources suggest the breed originated in the regions around Brussels and Leuven in Brabant. In these areas, the original term may have been scheperke, a diminutive of the Dutch word scheper (“shepherd”), as the breed is believed to be descended from a black shepherd dog known as the Leauvenaar.¹²

What does a Schipperke look like?

The Schipperke is a small, thickset dog breed that typically stands 10–13 inches tall at the withers and weighs between 10–16 pounds. Its appearance is defined by several distinct features:¹

• Coat: They possess a dense, black coat with a fairly thick undercoat.¹
• Head: The breed has a foxlike head, characterized by erect, triangular ears and small, oval-shaped eyes.¹
• Tail: While many Schipperkes in North America appear tailless due to docking, they are naturally born with a long, bushy tail that curls over the back, similar to that of a spitz similar to that of a spitz.¹

Overall, the breed is recognized for its compact, sturdy build and alert, intelligent expression.¹²

What are the main personality traits of Schipperkes?

Schipperkes are known for their lively and affectionate nature, making them excellent companions. They are generally energetic, curious, and independent, which can sometimes manifest as a mischievous or stubborn streak, making consistent training essential.¹

Key personality traits include:

• Amiable and Playful: They are typically agreeable toward strangers and other pets, and they enjoy playing while remaining content to relax indoors.¹
• Watchful: While too small to serve as effective guard dogs, they are excellent watchdogs. However, they can be prone to excessive barking if not properly trained.¹
• Devoted: They are often described as having a quaint and lovable character, frequently forming a particularly strong bond with one specific person whom they feel a duty to protect.³
• Energetic: Due to their high energy levels, they may be too boisterous for toddlers, as they might react to rough play or sudden movements by nipping.¹

It is important to note that these traits are general breed characteristics, and individual dogs may vary in their specific temperament.¹